SUGGESTION OF A SCALE FACTOR TO DESIGN SPIRAL-COIL-TYPE HORIZONTAL GROUND HEAT EXCHANGERS

Spiral-coil-type horizontal ground heat exchangers (GHEs) have been increasingly used in ground source heat pump (GSHP) systems due to their higher heat transfer performance.Many attempts have been made to investigate the heat transfer mechanism and establish design methods for the spiral-coil-type ground heat exchangers.Nevertheless, a universal d

Coptis (Ranunculaceae) contains 15 species and is one of the pharmaceutically most important plant genera in eastern Asia.Understanding of the evolution of morphological characters and phylogenetic relationships within the genus is very limited.Here, we present the first comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of the genus based on two plastid and one